- Shahada – The basic declaration of faith: “I testify that there is only one God and Muhammad is his messenger.”
- Salat – Prayer five times/day. Before sunrise (Fajr), noontime (Zuhr), afternoon (Asr), sunset (Maghrib), nighttime (Isha).
- Zakat – Charity for orphans, the poor and indigent.
- Sawm – Fasting during the Islamic month of Ramadan (30 days). No food, no drink, no sexual relations while the sun is up for the duration of the month.
- Haaj – A required pilgrimmage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime for those who are healthy enough and can afford it.